Vaporizer for intesnal-cobibttstion engines



G, N. BARCUS.

VAPORIZER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE l, 1918.

Patented Oct. 11, 1921.

WITNESS UNITED STATE PATENT ()FFICE.

GEORGE N. BAR/GUS, 0F WABASH, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR TO GETS IVIAN'UEAGTUBING ('10., OF ANDREWS, INDIAJAIA, A CORPORATION OF INDIANA.

VAPORIZER FOB, INTERNAL-CGMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed June 1, 1918.

. To all whom it may concern:

' diana, have invented and discovered certain new and useful Improvements in Vaporizers for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to vaporizing means for internal combustion engines. The ob ject of the invention is to provide means to thoroughly vaporize the particles of liquid fuel carried by the explosive mixture passing from the carburetor to the intake manifold without unduly heating the air or the vapor forming part of said mixture.

lVith the above end in view, my invention is embodied in preferable form in the construction and arrangement hereinafter described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In these drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section of the exhaust and intake manifolds of an internal combustion engine showing my invention applied thereto, and Fig. 2, a sectional view on the line 22 of Fig. 1 showing a preferable form of throttle valve employed in connection therewith.

Referring to the drawings, 1 indicates the exhaust manifold of an engine of conventional type and 2 indicates an intake manifold from which leads at substantially right angles thereto, the lateral passageway s 3 for the conveyance of the explosive vapor to the cylinders of the engines. The body of the intake manifold is preferably cast or otherwise formed integrally with the body of the exhaust manifold or may be otherwise securely attached thereto, and said intake manifold is provided with a hollow dome or chamber 4: extending into the space of the exhaust manifold and adapted to be heated by the hot exhaust gases therein, and projecting substantially at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the intake manifold and offset beyond the line of one longitudinal edge thereof. This dome may be provided, if desired, with heat absorbing and radiating ribs or other projections5 on its surfaces. The dome is located beyond and in alinement with an explosive mixture conveying pipe 6 which meets the intake manifold body substantially at right angles to the longitudinal Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 11, 1921.

crial No. 237,826.

axis of the latter and which serves to conduct the explosive mixture from a carbureter T which may be mounted'at any point on the engine assembly customary with conventional types of engines now in use.

The opening at the end of this explosive mixture conveying pipe immediately at its junction with the intake manifold is pro-, 7

vided with a closure plate or flange 9 in which is formed an opening 10 which is restricted in area relatively to the cross sectional area of the pipe (3 and relatively to the cross sectional area of the intake manifold and which thereby provides a restricted passageway which serves the double function of establishing a difference in pressure between the interior of the intake manifold and the interior of the conveying pipe, and of concentrating the stream of explosive mixture passing from the pipe to the manifold. Controlling this opening is a valve ofnon-dispersive type Such as a flat, movable valve 11. This valve constitutes the throttle valve for the engine and is carried by a shaft 12 adapted to be operated by a suitable handle. This valve, as distinguished from a valve of the butterfly type, 1s adapted to avoid any dispersing or defleeting action of the explosive mixture as it passes from the pipe to the manifold.

In the operation of the device, the explosive mixture having the liquid fuel and air properly proportioned by the carburetor will pass from the latter up the convcving pipe 6. This pipe will have a pressure bnly slightly below atmospheric pressure owing to the restricted valve controlled opening at the upper end thereof between the same and the intake manifold. On the other hand, a high vacuum will exist in the intake manifold due to the suction of the cylinder of the engine in communication therewith. As the stream of explosive mixture emerges through the opening 10 this difference of pressure or vacuum between the two chambers will impose a high velocity upon the stream of exalosive mixture which will carry the unvaporized liquid particles of the explosive mixture in a strai ht line directly across the longitudinal body of the manifold against the hot spot in the dome above or beyond the farther edge of the manifold, while at the same time the air, and the vapor produced by such particles of the original body of fuel as have been completely vaporized by the pipe 6, will pass out along each branch of the manifold in response to the suction thereon. These separating and divergent directions of movement of the unvaporized fuel and the gases of the mixture Will be produced by the difference in inertia between the liquid and the gas. As the liquid particles strike the hot spot provided by the dome they will be vaporized by the heat thereof and such vapor will then MISS out tlfilOllQi] the manifold to the cylinders, whereby only a completely vaporized mixture is permi d to pass to the cylinders. Only that portion of the intake manifold Which includes the hot spot dome opposite the conveying pipe is adapted to be heated, the remainder of the intake being separated from the exhaust manifold, whereby the air and vapor of the mixture are notpre-heated or at least are not subjected to a high degree of temperature, and as a result thereof the vapor passing to the cylinders is maintained at a relatively low temperature which has the effect of greatly increasing the ex 'iiosiye power the charge. It is Well known that mini hot spot Vaporizers, so-called, heretofore pro posed, have been found to be impracticable owing to the fact that they heat the air and vapor conjointly with the liquid part of the charge, thus so raising the temperature and increasing the Volume of the charge as to lessen and sometimes utterly destroy the er:- plosive power thereof. In my invention this objection is overcome by the means for elfecb ing the divergence of travel of the liquid and gaseous matters, with the impingement of the former alone against the heatin sin-face, while the gaseous body is kept relatively cool.

I'Ia'ving thus described my invention, What I claim is 1. In combination with an internal conibustion engine, an exhaust manifold, an intake manifold, a mixture conveying pipe leading from the carburetor into the intake manifold substantially at right angles thereto, a valve controlled restricted opening at the junction between the pipe and manifold. and a dome exteluling from the intake manifold into the exhaust manifold at a point opposite the said opening.

2. In combination with an internal combustion engine, an exhaust manifold, an intake manifold, an explosive mixture conyeying pipe leading thereto from the carburcter, said intake manifold having a localized heating dome in the Wall thereof opposite the entrance of said pipe and projectii'ig into the interior of said exhaust manifold, said pipe having an opening at the junction thereof with the manifold of an area less than that of the pipe. and a HOll-(llSPQl'SlVQ regulable valve controlling said. opening.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal at lVabash this 24th day of h ay, A. D. nineteen hundred and eighteen.

GEORGE N. BARCUS. 1; s]

V itnesses JAMES WV. STEWART, EDWARD KINERK. 

